从认知—心理视角研究新词语

Neologism Study from the Cognitive-Psychological Perspective

新词语研究大致有三种视角,其中认知—心理视角尚处于方兴未艾阶段。从宏观方面来看,有多重因素影响人们理解新词语:言内外语境、频率、语义透明度、精制码程度以及特征激活方式等。绝大多数的新词语并不是随意造出来的,必然受到人类认知概念类别的影响,从微观个案来看,在新创名名复合词里,"自然物+人造物"模式占绝大多数,是优选模式,而"人造物+自然物"模式则极端不能产。从认知—心理视角考察新词语,有利于人们深化新词语研究。

Generally speaking,there are three perspectives to study new words,of which cognitive-psychological perspective is still on the primary stage.The processing and understanding of new words are influenced by multiple factors： context,frequency,semantic transparency,and characteristic activation.Most new words are not randomly coined.They are inevitably affected by human’s cognitive conceptual categories.From the micro perspective,the ‘natural-man-made ’ model cases account for the vast majority,which is the preferred model.This paper,from a cognitive-psychological perspective,hopes to deepen the study of neologism.