苏联在国际体育领域实现与维护国家利益的实践与教训

Soviet Union's Practice and Lessons in Achieving and Maintaining National Interests in International Sports

20世纪以来,随着经济全球化和体育全球化的不断深入,以及"冷战"后国际政治领域意识形态斗争的加剧,国际体育领域成了苏联实现和维护国家利益的重要领域。在国家政治利益方面,苏联谋求大国体育地位和霸权;加入国际竞技体育组织,争取国际话语权;为了避免战争,谋求与大国和平共处。在国家文化利益方面,向世界推销苏联发展模式和提供政治思想。总体来讲,苏联对体育经济利益的认识比较晚。

During the 20th century, economic globalization deepened a trend pushed further sports globalization. Meanwhile, ideological struggle in international politics after the ＂cold war＂ intensified. All these rendered the international sports as an area for the Soviet Union to achieve and maintain national interests. To maximize the national interests, Soviet Union sought for status and hegemony as a great power in sports by joining into international competitive sports organizations and fighting for voicing its right. To obtain peaceful coexistence with the great powers against the war, through the interests of national cul- ture, the Soviet Union introduces its development model with its political thought into the world. Unfortunately, Soviet Union did not notice the economic benefits of sports as early as it should have done.