元代诗学“主唐”“宗宋”论

Poetics Theories of Advocating the Poetry in the Yuan Dynasty

唐宋诗之争,贯穿明清诗学史数百年,成为深刻影响中国诗学的一个重要问题。元代紧接宋代,元代诗论家最先面对宗唐宗宋问题,也是最早思考和讨论这一问题的论者。他们时代最接近唐宋,对这一问题有着独特的思考,也有独特价值。元代诗论家对唐宋诗发展历史和流派的梳理,对唐宋诗精神的把握,和"宋出于唐"的文学史判断,都极有价值。有些观点,至今为文学史家所继承,有些则不被今人所了解。元人有宗唐宗宋之论,但他们不把唐宋对立,没有明清人的偏执与极端之论。也可以说,元人有唐宋之分而无唐宋之争。其论是圆融且客观的,因而在诗歌发展史上也更具借鉴意义。

The argument about the poetry ran through the poetic history of the Ming and Qing Dynasties for hundreds of years. It was an important problem that influenced Chinese poetics deeply. Following the Song Dynasty people in the Yuan Dynasty first faced the problem of ＂advocating Tang poetry or Song poetry＂. They were the first theorist who thought and discussed the problem. Because of following the Song Dynasty they had a unique thinking on this problem. Also it had unique value. It was valuable that theorists on poetry in the Yuan Dynasty sorted the development history and schools of Tang and Song Dynasties＇ poetry. The theorists＇ mastery of the spirit of poetry of Tang and Song Dynasties, and their judgments of literary history were also valuable. Some viewpoints were inherited by literary historians up to now. Some were not known by people today. People in Yuan Dynasty had the theories of ＂advocating Tang poetry or Song poetry＂ while they had no argument about the problem. Their theories were harmonious and objective. So it is much more siguifican in the history of poetry.