兔胚胎移植影响因素研究

Influencing factors of embryo transfer in rabbits

【目的】探讨分析兔胚胎移植的影响因素，为提高兔胚胎移植效率及生产转基因兔奠定基础。【方法】采集获得的交配胚胎经体外培养后，按单只受体移植胚胎数、受体类型（经产母兔与青年母兔）、受体同期发情方式随机分组，对比观察胚胎移植后受体母兔的妊娠情况。【结果】单只受体兔每次移植10～20枚和20～30枚胚胎获得的妊娠率分别为23．1％和20．0％，二者差异不显著（P〉0．05）；采用经产母兔为受体可获得显著高于青年母兔的妊娠率（27．8％vs13．3％，P〈0．05）；以自然同期发情为受体母兔胚胎移植后获得的妊娠率显著高于诱导同期发情的受体母兔（30．7％vs10．0％，P〈0．05）。【结论】兔胚胎移植时选择自然发情的经产母兔作为受体能获得较好的胚胎移植效果，单只受体移植胚胎数以控制在10-30枚为宜。

[Objective ]The influencing factors of rabbit embryo transplantation were explored to provide references for improving rabbit embryo transplantation efficiency and producing transgenosis rabbits. [Method]The embryo were collected after mating and cultured in vitro, and then transplanted into recipients according to the number of embryo, recipients type （young hare ＆ muhiparous hare） and synchronic oestrus methods. The pregnancy rate was observed after transplantation. [Result]The results showed that 10-20 or 20-30 embryos were respectively transferred into each recipient. There was no significant difference in the pregnancy rate between the two groups （23.1% vs 20.0%, P〉0.05）. When the muhiparous rabbits were used as recipient, the pregnancy rate was significantly higher than that of nulliparity rabbits （27.8% vs 13.3%, P〈0.05）. Embryos were respectively transferred into natural estrus recipients and induced estrus recipients. The pregnancy rate of natural estrus recipients was extremely higher than that of induced estrus recipients （30.7% vs 10.0%, P〈0.05）. [Conclusion]These results suggested that the natural estrus of muhiparity rabbits were better to be used for recipients than nulliparity rabbits for ET, and the 10-30 transfer embryos were the best.