一元户籍制度改革试点的城乡居民态度比较——以荆门市掇刀区为例

Comparison of Urban and Rural Residents' Attitudes Towards Unitary Household Registration System Reform:Taking Duodao District of Jingmen City as an Example

传统户籍制度带有明显的"城乡二元分割"特征,造成了事实上的城乡之间,流动人口与本地人口之间在教育、医疗、社保、卫生等诸多方面的不平等,为此各地开始了户籍制度改革的探索。以荆门市掇刀区一元户籍制度改革的具体实践为例,从城乡居民态度测量、城乡居民态度对比和影响城乡居民态度的因素分析等几个方面对户籍改革进行了多方面的探讨,得出以下几个结论:城乡居民普遍支持户籍改革;城市居民对户籍改革的偏好大于农村居民;城市居民对农村居民入城所带来的社会保障、就业、教育、医疗和养老保险等诸多问题持反对态度;影响农村居民态度的因素共有四个,即人口流动、经济发展、缩小城乡差距和教育。

With the apparent feature of ＂urban and rural separation＂, traditional household registration system caused inequality in reality on the conditions of education, medical treatment, social security, health between urban and rural areas,as well as floating population and the local population. Thus in many areas begins the study of household registration system reform. This article takes the practice of unitary household registration system reform of Duodao District in Jingmen city as an example and studies the household registration reform from several aspects such as attitude-measure of urban and rural residents, attitude comparison of them and elements influencing the residents attitude etc. and draws the conclusions as follows.- firstly, urban and rural residents popularly support the reform; Secondly, preference of urban residents towards the reform is greater than that of rural residents; Thirdly, more than half of the urban residents are neutral or against the rural residents coming into city and influencing the former social security, education, medical treatment, endowment insurance, etc. ;Lastly, there are four elements influencing the attitude of rural residents as follows： population floating, economic development, narrowing the gap between urban and rural area, education.