新型聚硅氧烷原油破乳剂的合成与表征

Synthesis and Characterization of Polysiloxane as a Novel Crude Oil Demulsifier

以异丙醇为溶剂、氯铂酸为催化剂,烯丙基聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯甲基醚(HMS)、烯丙基聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醋酸酯(AEPC)与含氢硅油经硅氢化加成反应合成了一种新型的聚硅氧烷原油破乳剂,通过单因素实验考察了原料中硅氢键与碳碳双键的摩尔比、反应温度、反应时间和催化剂用量对含氢硅油中活性氢转化率的影响,确定了最佳反应条件:硅氢键与碳碳双键的摩尔比1∶1.20,n(HMS)∶n(AEPC)=1∶1,催化剂用量(基于反应物的总质量)30μg/g,溶剂用量(基于反应物的总质量)30%,反应温度90℃,反应时间5 h。在此条件下,活性氢转化率达到93.5%。通过FTIR和1H NMR方法对产物的分子结构进行了表征。破乳性能测试结果表明,在最佳条件下合成的聚硅氧烷原油破乳剂对原油具有较好的破乳效果。

Polysiloxane as a novel crude oil demulsifier was synthesized from hydrogen-containing silicone oil,poly（propylene oxide）-b-poly（ethylene oxide） allyl polyether（HMS） and poly（propylene oxide）-b-poly（ethylene oxide） allyl polyether ester（AEPC） by hydrosilylation with isopropanol as the solvent and chloroplatinic acid as the catalyst.The effects of mole ratio of silicon-hydrogen bonds to carbon-carbon double bonds,reaction temperature,reaction time and catalyst dosage on the conversion of the activated hydrogen in the hydrogen-containing silicone oil were investigated.The conversion of the activated hydrogen achieved 93.5％ under the optimum reaction conditions of the mole ratio of silicon-hydrogen bonds to carbon-carbon double bonds 1 ∶ 1.20,n（HMS） ∶ n（AEPC）1 ∶ 1,the catalyst dosage 30 μg/g（based on the total mass of the reactants）,the solvent dosage（based on the total mass of the reactants） 30％,reaction temperature 90 ℃ and reaction time 5 h.The molecular structure of the synthesized crude oil demulsifier was characterized by means of FTIR and 1H NMR.It showed a good demulsifying effect under the optimum reaction conditions.