试论宋代西南民族边区羁縻政策的特点

On Characteristics of the Jimi Policy in Southwest Border in Song Dynasty

宋朝统一南方后在西南民族边区设置了许多羁縻州县峒,采取羁縻州形式进行统治,以达到控御四夷、边地安宁之根本目的。宋代羁縻政策的重点是生蛮地区,羁縻州县主要设置于黎、雅、茂、威和叙州等地,其疆域不大但羁縻州县官吏却有很大的自治权力。"惠而不苛"、羁縻远人的治边政策反映了宋代汉族统治者的一种民族态度,实质仍然是中国古代王朝"以夷制夷"传统治边思想的继承。

The Song Dynasty set up many Jimi counties in the Southwest Border after unifying the south, and started to rule the area in a form of Jimi State, in order to reach the peace of Imperial Shii and borderland. The Jimi policy of the Song Dynasty focused on the aboriginal tribes and the Jimi counties consisted of Li, Ya, Mao, Wei and Syrian states which were not large in area but the officials there possessed powerful autonomous right. ＂Benefits without harshness＂ and the borderland policy of Jimi people reflected a national attitude of the Han rulers in the Song Dynasty, and in fact, it is an inheritance of the traditional border policy of successive dynasties to ＂use foreigners to subdue foreigners＂