日本国立大学的治理现状及其课题——与私立大学比较的视角

The Governance Status of National Universities in Japan and Its Subject——From the perspective of comparison with private universities

伴随着国立大学法人化的实现,日本的国立大学从国家的行政组织体系中分离出来,作为一个独立的存在在法律上得到了认可。与法人化以前,国立大学只不过是文部科学省的一个地方组织相比,这是一个大的进步。但是,法人化以来的事实证明,日本国立大学无论是在治理结构上,还是在实际的运营管理之中,都存在一些难以克服的问题。在国立大学法人的制度设计中,强化校长的权力、加强国立大学财政方面的战略能力等事项的进展并不顺利。

With the corporation realization of national universities, Japan＇ s national universities, which are separated from the national administrative organization system, have been recognized as an independent existence in law. This is a great progress comparing with national university which is just a local organization of the MEXT before the corporation. However, since the facts of incorporation, there are some problems which are difficult for Japan＇ s national Universities to solve whether in the governance structure or in the actual operation management. In the design of the corporation system of national universities, it is not smooth to strengthen the power of president, to enhance the strategic ability of finance in national universities.