明清时期儒学的民间化、宗教化转向及其对现代的启示

On the Folk and Religious Turn of Confucianism of the Ming and Qing Dynasties and Its Modern Enlightenment

明清时期儒学的民间化、宗教化的转向有其深刻的社会文化背景与内在的学术理路。这是儒学下行路线的过程,经过了王门后学未完成的宗教化、三一教、太谷教和刘门教等真正的宗教化和其他民间宗教中的儒学因素这几个阶段。以儒为主,三教合一是这种转向的基本样态。以儒家人伦教化为依归,走向大众,强调实践是这种转向的基本特质。这种转向对我们今天儒学、儒教的复兴有重要启示。

The folk and religious turn of Confucianism of the Ming and Qing Dynasties is based on pro- found social and cultural background and internal academic approach. This downward development of Con- fucianism includes the unfinished religious transformation of Wang-school philosophy, and the real-sense religious transformation of Sanyijiao,Taigujiao, Liumenjiao and other Confucian element of other folk reli- gions. The basic form of religious transformation is a Confucianism-centered combination of Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism. The basic feature of this turn is embracing the mass and emphasizing practice based on the ethics of Confucianism. This turn is of great significance of enlightenment for today＇s rejuvenation of Confucianism.