超越怀疑的基点及其困境

Beyond Uncertain Point and Its Dilemma

柏拉图试图在形上超越世界寻找真理的确定性;古代怀疑主义者则根本否定形上真理的存在,对于他们来说,现象界可信,却又无法构成知识的基础。既要寻找经验世界真理的确定性,又要回避超越性真理,胡塞尔于是利用了笛卡尔"我思"作为他的哲学起点,要在现象界建立一个绝对可靠的真理基础,由此他逐渐形成一种与自然科学和传统认识论非常不同的新的思维视角,把意识中的明白给予作为其哲学的绝对起点,从而也形成其现象学极为独特的方法论——把现象与本质都还原到意识领域。然而,当胡塞尔顺着这条路走向本质还原的时候,他恰好走向了现象学哲学起点的反面。

Plato wanted to find out the deterministic truth in a transcended world; however, ancient skeptics denied the existence of the truth of the metaphysical for them, credible phenomenon is convincing but cannot constitute the basis of knowledge. We must find a deterministic world of experience of truth, but also avoid Platon＇s transcendent truth. Husserl took Descarteg starting point of ＂I thinking＂ to build a rock-solid truth based on phenomena. Husserl also gradually formed a new thinking perspective different from the natural science and traditional epistemology, the consciousness that given was taken as absolute starting point of his philosophy, which formed his extremely unique phenomenologcal methodology. However, when Husserl went on alon~ the way to essential reduction, he lust went to the reverse side of his phenomenological base.