大鼠脑室下层神经元前体细胞的离体研究

Study of the neuronal precursor cells derived from the subventricular zone of the rat forebrain in vitro

：目的 观察生后大鼠前脑侧脑室脑室下层（ＳＶＺ） 神经元前体细胞离体培养时的化学特征和形态学特征。方法 以细胞特异性的抗体作免疫细胞化学染色和通过测量每个ＳＶＺ源的培养的神经元前体细胞的形态学指标（胞体平均直径和胞体椭圆率），来分析这些ＳＶＺ源细胞的特征。结果 离体培养的绝大多数ＳＶＺ源细胞（大于９０％ ）呈３ 型β－ 微管蛋白（ＴｕＪ１）阳性，且它们亦都表达多唾液酸神经细胞粘连分子（ＰＳＡ－ Ｎ－ ＣＡＭ）。随着培养时间的延长，这些ＴｕＪ１ 阳性的ＳＶＺ源细胞表现出显著的形态学变化：呈典型的神经细胞表型，其胞体增大、突起长且分支明显。结论 在出生后大鼠的前脑侧脑室脑室下层确含有神经元前体细胞，且其在离体条件下仍呈ＰＳＡ－ Ｎ－ ＣＡＭ阳性，并能增殖、分化为新的神经细胞。

Objective To observe the chemical and morphometrical properties of the neuronal precursor cells derived from the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the postnatal rat forebrain in vitro. Methods By using cell-type specific antibodies for immunocytochemical staining and measuring the morphometric parameters, the mean soma diameter and the ellipticity index of every SVZ-derived cell, the phenotypes of the SVZ cells were analyzed in vitro. Results Almost all SVZ cells (>90%) in vitro expressed TuJ1, and the SVZ cells also expressed the polysialylated neural cell adhesion molecule (PSA-N-CAM). As the culture was prolonged, the SVZ-derived cells in culture showed remarkable morphological changes that they possessed typical neuronal phenotypes with more larger cell somas and more longer, branched processes. Conclusion The SVZ in postnatal SD rats contains neuronal precursor cells which are PSA-N-CAM-positive and can proliferate and differentiate into new neurons in vitro.