高蛋白质营养抗高碘致甲状腺肿作用的实验研究

Experimental study on high nutrition of protein in preventing excessive iodide induced goiter in mice

目的 :复制小鼠高碘甲状腺肿模型 ,研究高蛋白质营养对高碘状腺肿的预防作用。方法 :将昆明雄性小鼠随机分成 4组 :H组饮高碘水 (碘浓度为 2 50 0 μg/L) ,食普通鼠饲料 ,不含酪蛋白 ;C1和C2 组饮高碘水 ,同时饲养高蛋白饲料 (C1组为鼠饲料混入 2 5%酪蛋白 ,C2 组混入 50 %酪蛋白 ) ;N组为对照组食普通鼠饲料 ,饮自来水 (碘浓度为 7.5μg/L)。实验时间 150d ,观察小鼠甲状腺重量、甲状腺碘含量 (Riesco碘测定方法 )、甲状腺组织学结构 (光镜和电镜 )、甲状腺和垂体功能及TPO活性 (愈创木酚分析法 )。结果 :H组甲状腺碘含量、血FT4 水平较对照组、C1和C2 组明显升高 (P <0 .0 0 1) ,TPO活性明显下降 (P <0 .0 0 1) ,甲状腺呈典型的胶质性甲状腺肿。结论 :高碘对甲状腺有损伤作用 ,高酪蛋白膳食能明显抑制高碘甲状腺肿的发生 ,机制可能是其阻止过量碘进入甲状腺内。

Objective:To study the preventive effects of high nutrition of protein on high iodine goiter.Methods:140 Kunming male mice were equally and randomly divided into 4 groups:group H drinking high iodine water(Concentration of iodine:2500μg/l)fed with common mice foods without casein;group C 1 and C 2 drinking high iodine water,fed with high protein foods(group C 1 fed with common mice foods with 25% casein and Group C 2 with 50% casein);control group N fed with common mice foods and drinking common water(Concentration of iodine:7μg/l).After the 150_day experiment,All mice were killed and studied for thyroid weight,thyroid contents by Riescos method,histological structure of thyroid by optical and electronic miciroscopes,the functions of thyroid and hypophysis,and the activity of TPO by guaiacol assay.Results:The mice in group H had more weighty thyroid,higher iodine contents and higher serum FT 4 concentration than those of the control group,group C 1 and group C 2( P <0.001),and TPO activity decreased ( P <0.001).Thyroid hisology in group H showed typical colloid goiter.Conclusions:Excessive iodine had some damages to thyroid epithelial cells.Diet with high casein can reduce the formation of excessive thyroid colloid in the follicular lumens,and effectively inhibit iodide goiter in mice.The mechanism may be that casein prevents excessive iodine from entering the tyroid. [