三大件式转向架心盘纵向冲击力研究

Research on the Longitudinal Impact Forces at Three-Pieced Bogie Center Bearings

模拟了在列车纵向动力作用时,平面心盘承载式转向架心盘处的作用力。计算结果表明,空车心盘冲击载荷一直存在。摇枕点头运动时,上下心盘之间的塑料和金属衬垫潜在的缺陷或损伤,增加了点接触载荷。纵向冲动作用下,在心盘壁产生的垂向摩擦力是心盘表面产生点载荷的重要因素。边缘壁摩擦产生的剪切载荷可能是引起心盘塑料垫片边缘破坏失效的主要原因。增大心盘承载面的直径将使心盘壁的接触载荷增大,但不会明显减小上心盘和心盘衬垫之间的垂向点载荷。

The research has simulated the forces experienced at the center bowl from a longitudinal train dynamic for cylindrical type bogie center bearings. Results show all but the lightest longitudinal train dynamics generate impact loads at the center bowl for empty wagons. Bolster pitching during such events gives rise to point contact loads being experienced by the materials of the center bowl and top center potentially failing plastic liners and damaging metallic liners. Vertical rim friction forces during impact against the rim wall are a significant factor in generating point loads on the center bowl plate surface. The shear loads from rim friction are likely to be the primary factor in causing broken rim failures in plastic bowl liners. Increasing the center bearing diameter was shown to increase contact loads against the rim wall without significantly lowering the peak vertical point loads between the top center and bowl liner.