南明文人的返乡

The Return-to-nativeland of the Literati Southern Ming Dynasty

怀古和望归是中国古典文学中最普遍的两大主题,在中国的文化系统中,故乡是一个极为特殊的场所,是一个归宿的符号。顺治七年桂林失守后,永历朝廷中抗清失败的文人的返乡之旅,颇值得关注。方以智、钱澄之、王夫之等人的返乡诗,刻画了南明文人返乡的途径和心迹。在这批返乡诗中,南明文人展现了抵抗失败后各自潦倒、悔恨、自责、归隐、休憩、潜伏等心境。南明文人的返乡诗在对返乡复杂心境的描述上,达到了过去少有的细致和深度,极大地丰富了我们对于中国文学中返乡主题的认识。

Nostalgia and return-to-nativelandare are two major themes in Chinese classical literature.In the system of Chinese culture,native land is the most particular place.It's a symbol of destination in life.This article discusses about the literati of Yongli government that failed to protect Guiling on the seventh year of Shunzhi Emperor ruling.They failed to topple the Qing Dynasty.Through reading Fang I-chih,Qian Chengzhi,Wang Fuzhi and others' poets related to return-to-nativeland,we could characterized the approach of the Literati Southern Ming Dynasty poets during returning to nativeland.From these return-to-nativeland poems,they showed remorse,guilt,hermitage,leisure,latent and other moods.The complex state of mind in the poetry of the Southern Ming Dynasty achieved a deep and detailed level of description in the theme of return-to-nativeland.