乒乓球新手—熟手—专家注意特征比较研究

A Comparison on Characteristics of Attention between the Beginners,the Veterans and the Expert of Table-tennis

目的:基于"新手-熟手-专家"研究范式,对不同运动水平的运动员的注意特征进行比较分析,旨在发现不同水平乒乓球运动员注意品质的特点及其专家型乒乓球运动员注意特征的核心指标,为乒乓球运动员的心理选材、训练和监控提供参考。方法:采用由北京师范大学殷恒婵老师编制的《注意力测验》,对140名乒乓球运动员(有效人数132人,男82人,女50人)进行注意能力测试。结果:新手组、熟手组、专家组在注意分配能力及注意广度方面呈现逐步上升趋势,组间差异不显著(P>0.05);注意稳定性和注意转移方面,专家组的注意能力显著优于新手组和熟手组(P<0.05)。结论:可将注意的稳定与集中、注意的转移(灵活性)、注意分配作为乒乓球专项选材与训练监控的主要指标。

Purpose：Base on ＂beginner-veteran-expect＂ research paradigm, this paper made a comparative analysis on atten- tion characteristic of different sports level table-tennis athletes, aimed at discovering the law of table-tennis athletes＇ atten- tion development and the core indictors of attention of table-tennis expert. Methods：This paper tested 140 table-tennis ath- letes＇ attention ability （effective number 132 ：male 80, female 52）, by the Attention Test prepared by Yin Heng-chan from Beijing Normal University. Result： On attention allocation and span, a gradual upward trend was presented between the be- ginners, veterans and expert of table-tennis,but the difference between the groups was not significant （ P 〉 0.05 ） ; On the stable and shifts of attention, expert group was better significantly than the beginner and veteran group. Conclusions：Con- centration and stability and stability and shifts and allocation of attention may be key indicators of the special selection and training monitoring.