生产电石用矿热炉的电极控制原理与节能分析

ELECTRODE CONTROL THEORY AND ENERGY SAVING ANALYSIS ON SUBMERGED-ARC FURNACE FOR CALCIUM CARBIDE PRODUCTION

分析了密闭电石炉电气特性,探讨了异常炉况表征及电极控制与调节基本原理。结果表明:(1)密闭电石炉生产过程中电极控制与调节是核心,且电极调节主要目的是实现熔池区有功功率最优化;(2)密闭电石炉异常炉况发生及其程度大小可由电极相关参数来表征;(3)三相电极电流与其所对应的视在功率正相关,与部分电极有功功率正相关,可以间接反映功率平衡与否;(4)塌料是相关电极参数增大的主要原因之一,且频繁塌料导致电能未被有效利用,降低了电石产品的产量和质量。

It analyzes the electrical characteristics of closed calcium carbide furnace, explores abnormal furnace condition characterization as well as fundamental principle for electrode control and regulation. The result shows as follows： （1）Electrode operation is the key link in the production process of the closed calcium carbide furnace, and its main objective is to realize the optimization of active power in melting bath; （2）The occurrence degree of the abnormal condition can be characterized by electrode parameters; （3）The three-phase electrode current shows positive correlations with both its correspondent apparent power and active power of some electrodes, it can be used to judge the power balance or not; （4）Charge collapse is one of the main reasons of increasing of related electrodes parameters, and frequent charge collapses lead to inefficient utilization on electrical energy and decrease the quantity and quality of calcium carbide products.