膜面积及阳极面积对立方体型MFC产能影响的研究

The Effect of Cation Exchange Membrane Area and Anode Surface Area Optimization on the Performance of Cubic-type Microbial Fuel Cells

以生活污水为底物,普通石墨棒为电极,构建立方体型微生物燃料电池(microbial fuel cell,MFC)。研究了阳离子交换膜(cation exchange membrane,CEM)面积和阳极面积对微生物燃料电池产电能力的影响。阳极以厌氧污泥作接种体,并且未使用中介体,两室分隔物使用阳离子交换膜(cation exchange membrane,CEM),阴极使用无催化剂的普通碳电极。采用几种不同的阳极面积和阳离子交换膜面积,以最大功率密度和内阻等作为比较参数,比较其产电性能。实验结果表明:①当阳离子交换膜面积较小时,功率密度随其增加而增大,内阻则随其增加而减小。但两者的变化幅度均逐渐减小,两者到达极值后,功率密度随其增加而减小,内阻则随其增加而增大。在膜面积为21 cm2的时候,电池各项性能指标均达到最佳;其开路电压(OCV)为233 mV,最大功率密度为3.44 mW·m2,电池内阻为2.10 kΩ。②MFC产能除了与膜面积相关外,受阳极面积的限制也很大。要得到最大的能量输出,膜面积应该略大于阳极面积。最佳产能时离子交换膜与阳极的面积比为1.37。

The technology of building the cube-type microbial fuel cell（MFC） is based on the use of living sew- age as substrate and ordinary graphite rod as electrode, which also studies the effects that the cation exchange mem- brane（CEM） area and the anode area excert on the electricity generation capacity of microbial fuel cell （MFC）. The anode with anaerobic sludge as the inoculum and no use of intermediary body as well as two-room divider using cation exchange membrane（CEM） are presented. Besides, taking the maximum power density and the internal re- sistance as the parameter, this thesis makes a comparison of the electricity generation capacity of cathode catalyst with the use of ordinary carbon electrode and various areas of the anode and cation exchange membrane （CEM）. The conclusions of the research can be as follows：（~ When the cation exchange membrane is small in size, the power density will grow while the internal resistance will decrease with its increase, but the amplitude of variation will be reduced. When it reaches to the extremum, the power density will decrease while the internal resistance will increase. When the membrane area accounts to 21 cm2 , the battery can achieve optimal performance with its open- circuit voltage（OCV） of 233 mV, the maximum power density of 3.44 mW ~ m-2, the internal resistance of 2. 10 k~. （~） Apart from the membrane area, the anode area also puts some constraints on MFC capacity. To get the maximum energy output, the membrane area should be slightly larger than that of the anode, and when it reaches optimal performance, the area ratio of ion exchange membrane and the anode should be 1.37.