结核分枝杆菌基因突变检测方法研究进展

Research progress on the detection methods of Mycobacterium tuberculosis gene mutation

结核分枝杆菌全基因组测序工作的完成,为开展结核病基因研究提供了理论基础,对结核分枝杆菌基因突变的研究也成为当前结核病研究领域的热点之一。高分辨率熔解(high-resolution melting,HRM)、基因芯片、DNA直接测序等分子生物学新技术的发展和应用,为结核分枝杆菌基因突变研究提供了更有效的方法。现综合国内外近年来的文献,分类介绍应用于结核分枝杆菌基因突变检测的各种方法的原理、应用情况等,同时也对GeneXpert、结核分枝杆菌线性探针(line probe assay,LiPA)、基因芯片等当前比较成熟并有望得到广泛应用的商品化基因突变检测技术进行介绍。

The completion of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis genome sequencing provides the evidence for the study of genetic nature of tuberculosis bacterium, and the study of Mycobacteriurn tuberculosis gene mutations has be- come one of hotspots in the field of TB research at present. The development and application of new technology of molecular biology, such as high-resolution melting （HRM）, gene chip, DNA direct sequencing have provided more effective methods for Mycobacterium tuberculosis gene mutation research. This paper reviewed relative literatures in recent years at home and abroad, introduced in category the principles and application of different methods in Mycobacteriurn tuberculosis gene mutation detection. Gene mutation detection technology such as GeneXpert, Myco- bacterium tuberculosis linear probe （line probe assay, LiPA）, gene chip, which are more mature and are expected to be widely used at present were introduced as well.