同步辐射(软X射线)对冬小麦的诱变效应及机理研究Ⅱ.幼苗叶片细胞超微结构的观察

MUTAGENIC EFFECTS AND MECHANISM OF SYNCHRONOUS RADIATION(SOFT X\|RAY) ON WINTER WHEAT Ⅱ THE OBSERVATION ON ULTRASTRUCTURE OF SEEDLING LEAF CELLS

利用透射电子显微镜观察了幼苗叶片细胞亚显微结构的变化 ,揭示了细胞结构受损情况与性状变异的关系。结果表明 :同步辐射引起了细胞亚显微结构的变化 ,出现了细胞质壁分离 ,细胞膜、核膜受损破裂 ,内含物外流 ,叶绿体、线粒体形态结构变异 ,内质网数目减少。同步辐射对细胞亚显微结构的总体损伤效应小于γ 射线 ,抑制了叶绿体的正常发育 ,致使细胞中叶绿体体积变小 ,数目减少 。

Ultrastructure change of seedlings leave was observed by means of Transmission Electron Microscope(TEM), and the relationship between the damage degree of cell's structure and the variation of plant's character was studied. It was found that Synchronous Radiation (SR) led to ultrastructure changes, including plasmolysis, breakage of cell and nuclear membranes, variation of chloroplast and chondriosome's structure, reduction of the number of endoplasm and variations of other ultrastructure. SR restrained the chloroplast normal development and resulted in a decline in number of chloroplast and decrease of chloroplast volume. However, the total injuries of ultrastructure by SR were smaller than that by γ\|ray.