几种新的诱变因素对水稻的诱变效应

MUTAGTNIC EFFECT OF SOME NEW MUTAGENS ON RICE

利用返回式卫星搭载 5个水稻品种的干种子进行空间诱变处理 ,以及用离子束、质子、同步辐射 (软X射线 )处理水稻干种子 ,并与γ射线处理作比较 ,研究其诱变效应。结果表明 ,供试的几种诱变因素均可诱发各类染色体结构变异 ,其细胞染色体畸变率均明显高于对照。空间环境促进根尖细胞有丝分裂活动 ,其它诱变因素均不同程度地抑制根尖细胞有丝分裂活动。质子等处理在M2 代能诱发较高频率的叶绿素缺失突变、株高突变和抽穗期突变 。

Air\|dried seed of rice varieties were carried by recoverable satellite(RS) for space mutation and were irradiated by protons, N + ions and synchronous irradiation (soft X\|rays). The mutagenic effects were studied and the results indicated that all the mutagens could induce the variation of the chromosome structure in rice plant. The space environment had stimulating mitosis action on root tip cells. Other mutagens had inhibiting mitosis action. The mutagens induce high frequency of chlorophyll deficient mutation and mutation in plant height and heading date in M 2 generation. Frequency of beneficial mutation induced by proton treatment were higher than those induced by γ\|ray.