15种滇产乌头属植物花粉粒形态特征比较研究

A Comparative Study on the Pollen Morphology of 15 Aconitum Species in Yunnan Province

目的通过对滇产毛茛科乌头属(Aconitum L.)15种植物花粉粒进行扫描电镜观察,补充云南草乌类药材生药鉴定,为草乌类药材安全使用提供基础保障。方法利用光学显微镜和电子显微镜对15种滇产乌头属植物花粉粒进行观察比较研究。结果花粉粒具3个萌发孔;沟膜明显,具颗粒块状物或瘤;覆盖层表面具小刺状纹饰或近光滑,有凹陷;极面观多为三裂圆形或钝三角形,偶三角圆形;赤道面观为近圆形、宽椭圆形或近椭圆形3个类型。结论综合乌头属植物的研究为该属植物的鉴定提供花粉粒形态方面的依据。

Objective The Pollen morphology of 15 Aconitum species in Yunnan Province was observed under scanning electron microscope,can not only facilitate the identification of species in this genus,but also help to guarantee the safe usage of Radix Aconiti herbs. Methods Optical and electron microscopes were exploited to observe the pollen of 15 Acotium species and then comparison were made among their morphology. Results The result showed that the pollen grains in genus Aconitum have 3 germpores,obvious furrow membrane with granular lumps ornodules. Tectum have concavities and spiny or smooth ornamentations. The shapes of pollen in polar view were generally three-lobed circular or blunt trianglar,and occasionally striangular circular. The shapes of pollen in equatorial view could be categorized into three types：nearly round、circular wide oval or nearly oval. Conclusion Our research provides new data on pollen morphology of Aconitum species,which,in combination with exsiting data.