美国大学生运动员招生选拔的发展经验及启示

The Development of American Intercollegiate Student-athletes Recruitment and Enlightenment to China

美国高校具有一套独立的大学生运动员招生选拔体制和运行机制,为运动员全面发展提供了一个政策制度环境和一套行之有效的保障机制,对解决大学生运动员的学训矛盾和培养全面发展的体育人才起到了积极的作用。运用文献研究法和实地调查法,梳理了美国大学生运动员招生选拔的发展历程,并进一步对其发展经验的进行了分析和总结,认为对我国的启示是:进一步完善资格认证制度和录取制度,构建完善的"一条龙"竞赛计划和培养体系,充分利用学校教育和资源设施优势,增设专门的大学生运动员学业服务机构,进一步完善激励机制和保障机制等。

American universities have an independent college athletes selection system and operational mechanism, which provides a comprehensive development environment and a set of policies and systems of effective safeguard mechanism. It plays a positive role to form a comprehensive development of athletes. This paper uses of literature studies, field surveys and expert interviews, reviews the development process of U. S. college admissions selection athlete, and further finds its development experiences. The enlightenment are ： to further improve the qualification system and enrollment system, build the packaged competition programs and training system, make full use of school facilities and resources advantages, build college athletes academic services, and improve the incentive mechanism and safeguard mechanisms.