从伦敦奥运周期女子自由体操的发展态势看我国存在的问题及应对策略——以难度价值和完成质量的视角

The Development Trend of Women's Floor Exercise and Problems and Countermeasures in China during the London Olympic Games Period——From the Difficulty Value and Complete Quality Perspective

目的:难度价值和完成质量是体操比赛中获取胜利的两大法宝,本研究从此两方面视角对伦敦奥运周期世界女子自由体操的发展现状及其变化规律进行回顾和梳理,找出我国女子自由体操存在的主要问题和差距,并提出缩小差距的应对策略和建议,以期提高我国女子自由体操的技术水平,为备战2016年奥运会作出一定的贡献。方法:研究主要运用文献资料、录像资料、专家访谈等资料搜集方法和视频观察、主题分析等资料分析方法。结论:提高成套动作的难度价值和动作完成质量是伦敦奥运周期女子自由体操的发展现状;女子自由体操已经成为我国女子体操队的弱项,在难度组别、难度分、空翻动作类型、成套动作的完成质量等六个方面落后国外优秀运动员;以重视体能、提高抗压能力、全面发展空翻动作类型和创新动作、提高动作完成质量、培养个人风格为切入点和突破口,是提高我国女子自由体操水平的有效途径。

Objective： The difficulty value and complete quality is two magic weapons to obtain victory in the gymnas-tics competition. The paper reviewed current situation of the development and changes of world women＇s floor exer-cise during the London Olympic Games period from the above-mentioned two perspectives, found out the main prob-lems and gaps, and pointed out the coping strategies and recommendations of narrowing gaps. The main goal is to raise the technical level of our country＇s floor exercise and to have positive significance for China＇s preparation for the 2016 Olympic Games. Methods： The paper mainly adopts the methods of document literature, video observation, ex-pert interview and theme analysis. Conclusions： Improving difficulty value and complete quality is the current situa-tion in London Olympics period. Women＇s floor exercise has become the weakness of China, and we have fell behind with the foreign excellent athletes on six aspects such as the difficulty of group, difficulty credit, somersault move-ment types, quality of complete set movements and so on. The effective ways to raise the technical level of China＇s floor exercise are paying attention to physical fitness, improving compression ability, all-round development of som-ersault movement type and innovative action, improving the complete quality, cultivating personal style.