新中国体育科技政策的变迁规律

The Law of the Changes of Sports Science and Technology Polices in New China

主要运用文献资料法等研究方法对我国体育科技政策的变迁进行研究。研究认为,其变迁过程可划分为开创基业(1949—1965)、遭遇挫折(1966—1977)、恢复发展(1978—1989)、深化改革(1990—2000)、创造辉煌(2001—2008)、迈向强国(2008奥运后)6个阶段。变迁的4大影响因素包括外在环境、政策制度、政策属性和政策网络,并在分析政策变迁内、外动力和阻力的基础上对政策变迁的动力机制进行剖析,总结了我国体育科技政策变迁的规律。旨在为体育管理部门掌握体育科技政策变迁的主动性提供借鉴,更有效地为体育发展服务。

By the method of document literature,this paper studied the changing process of sports science and technology policies in China,which was divided into six stages,namely,creating foundation（1949—1965）,encountering serious setback（1966—1977）,recovering and development（1978—1989）,deepening reform（1990—2000）,creating brilliance（2001—2008）,paving into a important power（after the 2008 Olympic Games）.The policy factors,which include policy environment,policy systems,policy property and policy network,were analyzed from the perspective of the policy science.The dynamic mechanism of the changes also was analyzed based on the analysis of driving forces and obstructing forces of the changes.The law of the change of the sports science and technology policies was summarized.It is important for the sports management department to grasp the law to promote the development of sports.