建构论、知识的弹性与环境争议中的公众参与——以宁波市镇海区的PX项目事件为例

PX Project,Constructionism and the Public Participation of the Environmental Debates

环境问题在从区域到全球的不同层次上日益显现为尖锐的理论与实践课题。在重要的环境议题上,政府、公众和科学或专家系统紧密地绞合在一起,并经常处于意见相左的境地。旧的科学观允诺了一种作为合理性权威的科学,政府可以借用科学的合理性权威使自己的决策在面对公众的质疑时保持其合法性。随着科学广泛地卷入不同的公共争议之中,其作为争议裁决者的角色不断削弱。建构主义的科学观把科学知识看作是富有弹性的社会产品,提示了一种在解决环境争议时政府、公众与科学互动的新模式。我们以宁波市镇海区PX项目规划引发的群体性事件例示其启发性。

Environmental issues are more and more important as both theoretical topics and practical problems. Government, science and technology and the public usually disagree with each other in some de- gree. In this paper, we argued that the change of the scientific rationality would give us a new eye to look at the relationships between the public, government and science and technology. We take the PX Project in Zhenhai District as an example to illustrate it.