缓慢牵伸肢体延长时周围神经生物学适应性机理的实验研究

The mechanism of biological adaptability of peripheral nerves during limb lengthening in rabbits

目的 研究缓慢牵伸肢体延长对周围神经的影响及其修复机理。 方法 以 80只体重为 2 0～ 2 5kg的日本大耳白兔为实验对象 ,分别于其胫骨延长 10 %、2 0 %、30 %、40 %及延长 40 %停止后 2、4、8周 ,观察延长各时相胫后神经组织学、电生理学的改变及相应脊髓、神经节生长相关蛋白 43mRNA的表达变化。 结果 肢体延长主要造成以周围神经脱髓鞘病变为主的病理损害 ,随着延长幅度的增加 ,损害亦渐明显 ,但同时又存在神经的再生修复。 结论 缓慢牵伸在造成周围神经亚临床损害的同时 ,亦存在着神经的再生修复 ,以每日 1mm的速度延长肢体 。

Objective To study the mechanism of subclinical damage and repairing process of peripheral nerves during gradual tibial lengthening. Mothods Histological investigation,electrophysiological examination of tibial nerve and GAP 43 mRNA expression of sciatic nerve related spinal cord and ganglion were observed in 10%,20%,30%,40% lengthening, and at 2,4,8 weeks phases after 40% limb lengthening in 80 rabbits. Results With the increase of elongation, severer and more obvious nerve damage and stronger expression of GAP 43 mRNA happened. However, nerve regeneration occurred synchronously and the changes recovered gradually within 8 weeks. Conclusion Damage of the peripheral nerves is common during limb lengthining.But,it is temporary and recoverable in case the lengthening rate is <1 mm/d.