新疆生产建设兵团森林生态系统服务功能价值评估

Evaluation of Forest Ecosystem Services in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps

以新疆生产建设兵团最新资源数据为基础,参考国家相关规范和已有研究文献,首次定量评估了新疆生产建设兵团及其各师不同森林类型的生态系统服务功能价值。结果表明:1)新疆生产建设兵团森林生态系统服务功能总价值每年可达8 207 058万元,其中涵养水源占30.53%,保育土壤占44.20%,固碳释氧、积累营养物质、净化大气环境、森林防护、生物多样性保护和森林游憩等6项仅占25.27%;2)各种森林类型提供的生态服务功能价值大小顺序为:灌木林>胡杨林>杨树林>乔木经济林>其他阔叶林>云杉林>疏林>榆树林>桦树林>柏树林>落叶松林;3)山区森林的生态服务功能价值近70%是在涵养水源和生物多样性保护2个方面,平原区森林的生态服务功能价值超过80%是在涵养水源、保育土壤和固碳释氧3个方面。评估结果对深刻反思、调整和优化传统经济增长模式具有积极的促进作用。

Based on the latest investigation data of the forest resources in Xinjiang Production and Construc tion Corps （XPCC）, the author assessed the ecosystem service values of each type of forest quantitatively in each division of XPCC according to national norms and existing research literatures. 1） The total values of forest ecosystem service functions of XPCC were 82. 070 58 billion yuan per year, 30. 53% of which were from water conservation, 44.20%from erosion control and 25.27% from carbon fixation and oxygen release, accumulation of nutrients, air purification, protection effect of forest, biodiversity protection and recreation and eco-tourism. 2）The values of ecosystem service provided by different forest types from high to low were in the order of shrubbery, populus, poplar, economic forests of arbors, other broad-leaved forest, spruce, open forest, elm forest, birch forest, cypress and larch. 3） While nearly 70% of ecosystem services values in mountainous regions were contributed by water conservation and biodiversity protection, more than 80% of ecosystem service values in plain areas came from water conservation, erosion control and carbon fixation and oxygen release. The results of the assessment have a positive impact on profound consideration, adjustment and optimization of traditional model of economic growth.