深空探测气囊着陆缓冲系统的原理样机冲击动力学相似问题研究

Similarity problem of the impact response of the deep space exploration airbag cushion landing system and its prototype

研究深空探测气囊着陆缓冲系统的地面原理样机冲击动力学相似问题。首先,从理论角度出发,对气囊着陆缓冲系统的冲击动力学响应进行了推导,发现初始气压、气囊体积、接触面积、登陆舱质量和着陆初速度等参数对着陆冲击响应特征起主要影响。然后,给出了地面原理样机设计思路,并且在理论推导的基础上提出了利用地面原理样机冲击响应与外星环境下全尺寸气囊着陆系统冲击响应的动力学相似关系。最后,设计了几种不同参数的地面原理样机,通过数值模拟方法计算了火星环境下的全尺寸气囊系统着陆冲击响应和原理样机冲击响应,利用地面原理样机冲击响应计算结果和所提出的动力学相似关系对火星环境下的全尺寸气囊系统着陆冲击响应进行了估计,验证了所提出的动力学相似关系的有效性。

This paper discusses the similarity of the impact response of the deep space exploration airbag cushion landing system and its prototype.Firstly,impact response of the airbag cushion system is derived.It is proved that the initial pressure,volume,contact area,initial velocity of airbag and the mass of the landing system are essential parameters of the impact response.Secondly,the idea of ground prototype design had been proposed.Then,similarity relationship of the impact response of the full scaled airbag cushion landing system and its prototype is derived based on the theoretical results.Several ground prototypes have been designed.Numerical simulation of impact responses of both the full scaled airbag cushion system under Mar＇s environment and its prototypes are carried out.Based on the similarity relationship,impact response of the full scaled airbag cushion system under Mar＇s environment is estimated by the prototype＇s impact response.Numerical results show that the estimation of the impact response have good agreement with that of the full scaled airbag cushion system under Mar＇s environment,validating the similarity relationship.