基于GIS支持的阳谷县冬小麦精细农业气候区划

GIS Based Yanggu County Winter Wheat Fine Agroclimatic Zoning

利用现有区域自动气象观测站、阳谷县国家气象观测站及周边县观测资料,应用线性回归方程模拟计算阳谷县各乡镇30 a日气象要素资料,在此基础上计算分析了阳谷县0℃积温、降水量、日照时数等农业气象参数的分布;根据小麦气候区划的要求统计计算了阳谷县各乡镇生育期≥0℃积温、灌浆期日较差等精细化农业气候区划指标。结果表明,阳谷县全县处于冬小麦的适宜种植区,冬小麦的适播时间为10月3—16日;从南向北小麦适合弱春性向半冬性品种播种,一般年份不会出现冻害,个别年份可能会出现晚霜冻害,并有干热风等高温灾害存在;小麦灌浆期从东向西日较差增大,成熟小麦的含糖量增多,高庙王镇品质最好;小麦光照阶段的日照时数短,小麦品种应选择感光性弱或中等类型;降水量占需水量的30%左右,缺水量比较大,需要很好的灌溉条件。

Using observations by available regional stations, Yanggu our own station and the stations in surrounding counties, and the linear regression equation simulation of Yanggu County each town in 30 years, meteorological element data, calculated and analyzed on the basis of the Yanggu County 0℃ accumulated temperature, precipitation, sunshine hours and other agricultural distribution of meteorological parameters; and according to wheat climate zoning requirements for statistical calculations of the Yanggu County township fertility of ≥ 0 ℃ accumulated temperature, daily temperature difference and other fine agro-climatic zoning indicators were analyzed. The zoning results showed that： whole Yanggu County is suitable for winter wheat planting, winter wheat planting appropriate time between October 3 to October 16; suitable for the weak spring aptitude semi-winter varieties planting wheat from south to north, generally speaking, no frost damage occurs in the common year, in seldom years late frost happen and in some years dry hot wind and other high-temperature disasters also appeared; daily temperature difference of the wheat increases from east to west, big sugar content of ripe wheat increased, wheat from Gaomiaowang Town has the best quality; it is better to select wheat of short sunshine hours in light phase, it＇s better to select wheat of weak or medium light responsive type; precipitation and water demand ratio about 30%, big water shortage and a very good irrigation conditions is needed.