用于预警和安保系统的新型发光复合高分子纤维

Novel luminescent composite polymer fibers for warning and security systems

新型发光、无机和有机纳米型染料主要用于聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)纤维的制备。PET纤维是制作用于预警和安保系统的纤维织物的原材料。具有发光性质的纳米染料的制备方法主要有两种:一种为自下而上,沉淀法合成;另一种为自上而下,通过反应型研磨得到。下述的纳米染料是硫化锌(ZnS),同时还掺杂有铜或锰、铝酸锶,还可掺杂铕和镝。此外,还对有机染料和颜料(醛连氮和二萘嵌苯)进行研究,还将其包裹于硅纳米粒子中并进行相关研究。制得的纳米粒子混入高分子熔体中,通过熔融挤出得到成品丝。该过程中所使用的纳米颜料可混入母粒中,也可制成液状使用。最后进行成品丝变形工艺研究,并加工成纺织面料。纳米发光颜料的加入实现了低染料剂量下的高发光性。与已投入使用的传统体系相比,采用纳米发光颜料的体系具有更好的光、热和湿牢度。

Novel luminescent,inorganic and organic nanopigments were developed for the preparation of polyethylene terephthalate （ PET） fibers for applications in warning and security textiles. Luminescent nanopigments were designed by bottom-up procedures using precipitation synthesis or by top-down procedures using reactive grinding processes. The investigated nanopigments were zinc sulfide,doped with copper or manganese and strontium aluminate,doped with europium and dysprosium. Furthermore,organic dyestuffs and pigments （ aldazines or perylenes） were investigated,some of them after encapsulation into silica nanoparticles. The obtained nanoparticles were applied to polymer melts for the production of filaments by extrusion processes. For this,the nanopigments were incorporated into masterbatches or liquid formulations. The filaments were finally investigated in texturing processes and were then further processed to textile fabrics. By usage of nanoscale luminescent pigments,higher luminescence,lower pigment dosage combined with better light, heat and wet fastness were achieved compared to conventionally used systems.