丛枝菌根真菌对枣苗生长及养分吸收的影响

Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on the Growth and Nutrient Uptake by Seedlings of Ziziphus jujube

为给规模化繁育优良的菌根枣苗提供理论依据,为新疆红枣的可持续发展提供技术支撑,采用盆栽试验研究了根内球囊霉（Glomus intraradices Smith＆Schenck,BEG 141）和幼套球囊霉（Glomus etunicatum Becker ＆ Gerdemanm,BEG 167）对新疆酸枣苗（Ziziphus jujube var.spinosa Hu）的侵染、生长和养分吸收的影响.结果表明.AM真菌对枣苗根系的侵染率超过30％,并促进枣苗根系生长,提高根系活力.枣苗根长分别比对照提高23.1％ （BEG141）和13.6％ （BEG167）,BEG141还使枣苗生物量增加16.5％.BEG141感染枣苗根系后,氮磷吸收增加,比非菌根苗提高16.9％（氮）和20.3％（磷）；BEG167感染枣苗根系后,磷钾吸收增加,比非菌根苗提高18.0％（磷）和11.3％（钾）.菌根化枣苗的叶片含磷量提高36.36％～109.09％,有益于光合作用和干物质积累.因此,枣苗接种优良的AM真菌可促进养分吸收和生长,培育壮苗.

For the sake of providing a theoretical basis for large-scale breeding of excellent seedlings of Z.jujube and a technical support for sustainable development of red date in Xinjiang,a pot experiment was carried out to investigate fungal infection,growth and nutrient uptake by the seedlings of wild jujube inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal （AM） fungi,respectively,i.e.Glomus intraradices （BEG 141）and G.etunicatum （BEG 167）.The results showed that the infection rate of AM fungi was more than 30% and fungal infection promoted root growth and increased activities.The root length was increased by 23.1%（inoculated with BEG 141）and 13.6%（inoculated with BEG 167）on the base of blank control （without fungal inoculation）.The biomass of jujube seedlings was enhanced by 16.5%,nitrogen uptake by 16.9%,and phosphorus uptake by 20.3% after BEG 141 inoculation.In contrast,BEG 167 increased plant phosphorus absorption by 18.0% and potassium by 11.3%.It was worth noticing that phosphorus in the leaves of mycorrizhal seedlings was from 36.36% to 109.09% more than non-mycorrhizal ones,which could be beneficial to photosynthesis and carbohydrate accumulation.This could be one of the reasons for growth promotion by AM fungi.Therefore,inoculation of good AM fungi could promote the growth and nutrient absorption of jujube seedlings by which healthy and strong seedlings were cultured.