稠油热采调堵体系研究进展综述

Research overview of profile control and water shut - off agents for heavy oil thermal recovery

稠油油藏是未来油气资源开发的重点。由于储层非均质性、不利的油汽流度比等因素的影响,致使汽窜、指进现象严重,降低了波及系数,影响了稠油开采效果,开展稠油热采井的调剖堵水研究显得日益重要。结合中国稠油油藏的储层物性特征和注蒸汽开采工艺条件,对稠油热采过程中调堵体系的性能要求进行了探讨。在此基础上,从各体系的作用机理、研究进展和应用现状出发,综述了聚合物冻胶、固相颗粒堵剂、泡沫、W/O型乳状液和盐沉析5种稠油热采调堵体系,指出各体系在应用中存在的不足之处,提出优化解决方案。最后提出未来稠油热采调剖堵水的发展趋势,即合成低成本、高耐温性的化学药剂,加强机理探讨,开发复合调堵体系以及研究新型低伤害环保型调堵技术。

Heavy oil will play an important role in future resources exploitation.Factors such as reservoir heterogeneity and adverse oil / steam mobility ratio have led to severe steam channeling and fingering,thereby reduced conformance efficiency and affected development response.Therefore,the research on profile control and water shut-off agents becomes increasingly important for thermal recovery wells.The requirements on the performances of profile control and water shut-off agents are discussed in conjunction with the physical properties of heavy oil reservoirs and the technical conditions of steam injection in China.Based on the mechanism of action,research progress and application status,5 agents are summarized including polymer gel,solid particles plugging agent,foam,water-in-oil emulsion and salt precipitation.Problems in each agent are mentioned,and optimization solutions are put forward.At last,the development trend of future profile control and water shut-off agents is put forward,i.e.synthesizing agents of low cost and high-temperature resistance,intensifying mechanism research,developing composite system,and researching on new technologies that are less harmful and environmental friendly.