多角度认识和评价《苔丝》中的亚雷·德伯

Multi-dimensional Understanding and Comment on Alec DtUrbervilles

长期以来，我国的评论者受我国国情和历史局限性的影响，对《苔丝》中亚雷·德伯这个人物的认识和评价存在片面性和简单定性的问题。尽管近年来人们对书中人物的认识渐趋客观，但与真实全面的评价还有不小距离。本文从小说的文本出发，通过考察亚雷·德伯的出身情况和他的言行，发现他称不上是所谓的“资产阶级代表人物”，也不是“恶魔”或“邪恶之人”所能概括得了的。亚雷虽然不是完人：他有严重的缺点——愚昧无知；他有不良习惯——放荡纵欲，但他具有鲜明的个性：他敢于挑战困难，认识自己的本性；他有良心，在玷污苔丝之后，自己背负了沉重的道德包袱，但他勇于承认错误和承担责任；他对于心爱的人慷慨大度，关心体贴。不幸的是亚雷爱错了对象，他执着的爱并未赢得真爱，他是一位值得同情的悲剧人物。

For quite a long time,in China the understanding and comments on Alec D＇Urbervilles of Tess of the D＇Urber- villes were one-sided and Alec was simply defined due to China＇s national conditions and the influence of historical limita- tion on the commentators. Although in recent years the understanding of the characters has come to be objective, true and all-round comment on Alec D＇Urbervilles still has much work to do. Based on the text, looking at his family back- ground and what he says and does, it is discovered that Alec is not the so-called ＂representative of the bourgeoisie＂, nei- ther can ＂mischief＂ or an ＂evil＂ person summarize his character. Alec is not a paragon： he has serious demerit--foolish; he has bad habits--uninhibited, but he is a man with distinct personalities： he is brave and aware of his nature; he is con- scientious and has courage to admit his mistakes and take responsibility because he is deeply guilty of his harm to Tess; be is generous and considerate to his lover. Unfortunately, Alec loves the wrong person and his persistent love fails to obtain true love. All in all, Alec is a tragic figure worthy of sympathy.