人内心深处之原始之地:人性中怪异又黑暗之角落——劳伦斯《菊花的幽香》的象征和自然主义手法新析

The Primitive Innermost of Humans： The Queer Dark Corners of Humanity--A New Analysis on Symbolism Naturalism in D. H. Lawrence＇s ＂Odour of Chrysanthemums＂

劳伦斯初期的短篇小说，如《菊花的幽香》，由于其特有的自然主义手法遭遇了某些批评家和读者的非议，将之归咎于他对“人生怪异而又黑暗的角落和对人性中更为野蛮更为本能方面的关注”。劳伦斯时代的思潮，尤其倾向自然主义，其对他的创作和文艺观的形成有着不可估量的影响。他认为艺术须保持沉默，而这沉默中又蕴含着事物的秘密。以往批评界对“菊香”的读解却忽略了这一点。本文旨在通过对故事文本的评析，援引劳伦斯的文论和各家批评，以揭示贯穿于整篇故事“菊花”的深刻和含蓄的象征意义和劳伦斯所敢于触及的“人的内心深处那块原始的地方”。

D. H. l.awrence＇s early tales, such as ＇Odour of Chrysanthemums＇, were lashed by critics and readers due to his unique naturalism. They attributed it to ＂his preoccupation with ＇ the queer dark corners of life and the cruder and more instinctive side of humanity＇＂. The ideology of his time, both literary and philosophical, especially the naturalistic tendency had great impact on his writing and philosophy. Lawrence believed that art must remain silent and the silence embodied the marvels of humanity. The pity is that the critics may have failed to notice this while expounding the tale. By means of text analysis and quotation of Lawrence＇s thoughts in his essays and the commentsof various critics, this the- sis is aimed at unearthing the sublety of the symbolism in the chrysanthemum which runs throughthe tale, and ＂the primitive innermost of humans＂ with which Lawrence was bold enough to deal.