几种植物染料染色修复配纸的适用性研究

Study on applicability of matching papers dyed by vegetable dyes for restoration

橡碗子、红茶、槐米和栀子为常见的黄色天然植物染料,常用于纸质文物修复配纸的染色做旧,从而达到"修旧如旧"的修复效果。植物染料染色纸的耐久性及颜色稳定性等不仅关系纸质文物的修复周期和修复效果,而且有可能影响到文物本体的稳定性。因此,对植物染料染色后纸张的耐久性、颜色稳定性等进行探讨。结果发现,植物染料染纸均具有较好的耐久性,其中橡碗子染纸的耐热老化颜色稳定性较好。由于植物染液显酸性,为防止酸对纸张的危害考虑对其去酸处理。随着染液去酸的进行,染液pH值逐渐增大,颜色加深,染纸色差有一定变化但不影响修复配纸的使用。此外,染液和染纸颜色的变化程度还可通过稀释染液的方法进一步减小。研究结果可为修复界另辟纸源,选取纸张原料、厚度、帘纹等与待修复纸张相近的纸,对其染色做旧从而达到与待修复纸张良好匹配做参考。

Acorn cups, black tea, pagoda tree buds and gardenia fruits are commonly used natural yellow- to - brown vegetable dyes. They are commonly used to dye matching papers used to restore paper cultural relics and to maintain old features. The durability and color stability of dyed papers influence the restoration cycle and the effects produced by the papers. Furthermore, these dyes may affect the stability of the cultural relic itself. In this re- search, the durability and the color stability of papers dyed using vegetable dyes were studied. Results show that papers dyed by acorn cups have good color stability and durability. Since solutions of vegetable dyes are acidic, de- acidification should be done in order to avoid damage to the papers. After deacification, the pH values of the dye solutions rose and the paper color deepened, but it did not affect the usage of dyed paper. Moreover, by diluting the dye solutions, the color of the dyes and dyeing papers can be adjusted.