从“天命”到“道法”——黄老道家和先秦政治话语的转变

The Political Philosophy of Huanglao School: The System of Dao-Fa

从西周末年开始,天命论逐渐崩溃,这一过程反映到政治话语上就是天的神性的隐退和"道"的话语的滋长。道家是这一过程的积极推动者,他们试图用"道"取代"天"在政治哲学中的地位。老子第一个将"道"提升为哲学概念。黄老道家通过对老子政治哲学的继承和创造性转化,提出"道生法"的命题,建构了一个"道法体系",实现了先秦政治话语从"天命"到"道法"的转变。

In the late years of West Zhou, the theory of destiny was collapsed. This process reflected in the discourse of political words was the evolution of the relationship between Destiny and ＂the way of heaven＂. Taoism is a promoter of the process. It tried to use ＂Tao＂ to replace the role of ＂heaven＂ in the political philosophy. Huanglao School inherited and creatively transformed the political philosophy of Laozi. They constructed a system of Dao-fa as the specific ways to achieve their political ideals.