脐腹小蠹寄主白榆挥发性物质的分析

The Study on the Volatiles fromUlmus pumila,the Host of Scolytus schevyrewi Seme.(Coleoptera:Scolytidae)

为查明脐腹小蠹的寄主白榆的挥发物成分,用3种不同方法提取健康和受害白榆的挥发物,利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)进行了分析鉴定。结果表明:吸附-热脱附法收集的健康白榆树干的挥发物成分有34种,其中,烷类占54.9%,醛类约占12.2%,烯类占9.9%,醇类占9.5%;正戊烷萃取法提取的健康白榆树干韧皮部的挥发物成分有23种,其中,烷类占71.9%,烯酸占9.91%,茚8.35%,醇类占3.2%;水蒸气蒸馏法提取的健康白榆树干韧皮部的挥发物成分有19种,其中,烷类占90.17%,醇类占9.44%;水蒸气蒸馏法提取的受害白榆树干韧皮部的挥发物成分有17种,酸类占74.28%,烷类占16.41%。该结果为脐腹小蠹确定寄主机制提供了依据。

In order to identify the volatile components in Ulmus pumila, the host of Scolytus schevyrewi Seme. （Coleop- tera： Scoiytidae）, the healthy and damaged Ulmus pumila L. were extracted through three methods and all extracts were analyzed by GC-MS. The results showed that 34 different components were detected in the volatiles of healthy elms extracted with absorbent-thermodesorption method including the alkanes at about 54. 9%, the aldehydes at 12.2%, the alkenes at 9.9% and the alcohols at 9.5%. The 23 kinds of volatile ingredients were observed in the ex- tract of healthy elms with pentane, in which the alkanes accounted for 71.9%, the dilute acids for 9.91%, the indene for 8.35% and the alcohols for 3.2%. With the steam distillation, 19 kinds of volatile ingredients were found in the healthy elms extracts, and 90.17 % and 9.44% of the alkanes and the alcohols were noticed, respectively. The vola- tiles in damaged elms extracted with steam distillation method had 17 kinds of components, in which the acids accounted for 74.28% and the alkanes for 16.41%. The results would provide the bases for understanding the damage mechanism in the Ulmus pumila caused by Scolytus schevyrewi Seme.