基于生态足迹的乐山市耕地可持续利用研究

On Sustainable Utilization of Cultivated Land Based on Eco-footprint in Leshan

采用生态足迹法计算了乐山市2001-2010年人均耕地生态足迹和人均耕地生态承载力,再通过二者的年变化率预测了2012-2016年人均耕地生态足迹和人均耕地生态承载力.研究表明,乐山市2001-2010年人均耕地生态足迹逐年增加,而人均耕地生态承载力则逐年减少,人均耕地生态足迹与人均耕地生态承载力呈反方向发展趋势,人均耕地生态赤字呈逐年递增的趋势;乐山市2012-2016年预测人均耕地生态足迹也逐年增加,人均耕地生态承载力则在减少,耕地呈现不可持续利用状态.建议应严格控制耕地减少数量,提高耕地的产出能力,减缓日益增长的生态赤字,以此实现乐山市耕地的可持续利用.

By adopting the ecological footprint method, this paper has done a calculation and research for per capita ecological footprint of the cultivable land in Leshan, Sichuan Province, from the year of 2001 to 2010, the per capita ecological footprint of the cuhivable land in Leshan has changed from0.3161 hm2 to 0.3179 hm2during those years, while the per capita ecological carrying capacity of farmland has varied from0. 1922 hm2 to 0. 1647 hm2. What~ more, according to the variation rate, this paper has predicated the per capita ecological footprint of the cultivable land and per capita capacity of the cultivable land in Leshan from the year of 2012 to 2016. The results show that, from the year of 2001 to 2010, per capita ecological ：footprint of the cultivable land has increased, while the per capita ecological carrying capacity of farmland has reduced. The need of per capita farmland ecological carrying capacity runs contrary to the per capita ecological carrying capacity of cultivated land, which consequently causes the ecological deficit increases year by year. Besides~, it is predicted that from the year of 2012 to 2016 there is an unsustainable use of the cultivable land, for the per capita ecological footprint will increase year by year while the per capita ecological carrying capacity of cultivable land will decrease. As a result, it has been suggested that people there should strictly control the arable land which will be reduced, and expand the output capacity of the arable land in order to ease the increasing ecological deficit and achieve the sustainable utilization of the cultivated land in Leshan.