人类血小板抗原1-17bw基因系统在广西地区壮族、瑶族、苗族人群中的表达差异

The difference analyses of polymorphism of human platelet antigen 1-17 bw gene system in Yao,Zhuang and Miao nationality of Guangxi

目的研究广西地区壮族、瑶族、苗族健康人群中人类血小板抗原HPA 1-17bw系统基因的差异表达。方法纳入祖上三代均为同民族的上述3个民族各100例,采用PCR-SSP方法检测纳入对象的HPA-1-17bw系统基因,并计算HPA各系统的不配合率。结果 3个民族中除HPA-1、2、3、6、15基因系统有b基因型别外,其他HPA基因系统均为a/a纯合子。3个民族的HPA-3和HPA-15的不配合率均大于30%,HPA-2在苗族中的不配合率大于10%,在临床输注血小板时应值得注意。比较3个民族血小板系统的基因频率,发现瑶族人群中的HPA-3、15基因杂合程度明显低于壮族（χ2=12.242,P=0.002;χ2=6.209,P=0.045）和苗族（χ2=8.609,P=0.014;χ2=10.638,P=0.005）,苗族中的HPA-2基因杂合程度明显高于其他两个民族（χ2=8.580,P=0.009;χ2=5.069;P=0.059）,但与瑶族比较差异无统计学意义。结论广西地区壮族、瑶族和苗族HPA基因多态性分布存在明显的种族差异,HPA-3和HPA-15系统在3个民族发生同种免疫反应均有显著意义,而HPA-2在苗族中可能具有较大意义,在临床配合性血小板输注中应加以重视。

Objective To explore the difference of gene polymorphism of human platelet antigen（HPA 1-17bw）system in Zhuang,Yao and MIao nationality of Guangxi.Methods Each 100healthy Individual whose ancestor in three generations were the same nationlity of Zhuang,Yao and MIao ethnic group as study sample,the genotypes o f 17HPA systems were performed by polymerase cha in reaction using PCR-SSP for all samples,and calculated the mismatch rate of the each HPA gene system.Results The HPA gene systems of Zhuang,Yao and Miao ethnic group except HPA-1,2,3,6,15gene system were a/a homozygote.The HPA3and HPA-15mismatch rate of 3national were greater than 30%,mismatch rate of HPA-2in the Miao nationality was greater than 10%,and clinical platelet transfusion should be worthy of note.Analysis the gene frequency of three national platelets in Guangxi,the heterozygous degree of HPA-3,15gene in yao nationality were significantly lower than zhuang nationality（χ2=12.242,P= 0.002;χ2=6.209,P=0.045）and Miao nationality（χ2=8.609,P=0.014;χ2=10.638,P=0.005）,the heterozygous degree of HPA-2gene in Miao nationality was significantly higher than other two ethnic groups（χ2=8.580,P=0.009;χ2=5.069;P= 0.059）,but the difference was not statistically significant between Miao and Yao nationality.Conclusion The ethnic difference is significant in HPA of Zhuang,Yao and Miao in guangxi region.HPA-3and HPA-15system in three national have the same immune response,.And HPA-2in the miao nationality may have great significances,should be paying attention when platelet transfusion in clinical.