远程教学交互研究的新视角:结构主义

A New Perspective of Instructional Interaction Research in Distance Education:Structuralism

结构主义作为现代西方的一种哲学思潮和方法论,对教育研究以及教育研究方法带来了深刻的影响和思维方式的转变。在远程教育研究中,教学交互研究是构建远程教育理论体系的核心和关键。结构主义的核心观点和方法论特质,为研究教学交互提供了一个独特的视角和较为系统的方法论。根据结构主义的观点,教学交互结构是在一定的教育思想、教学理论和学习理论指导下,教学交互各要素之间相互作用的关系、规律和原则以及相对稳定的结构形式,有表层结构和深层结构之分,深层次结构起决定作用。结构分析法主张从人类能力、思维结构、社会结构和情感结构四个相互作用的维度出发,综合考虑共时性以及历时性两条线索,探寻教学交互的深层次结构。这样不仅可以对已有研究有比较深入的认识,而且可以让教学交互理论更好地指导实践,但是要真正把握深层次的结构需要付出巨大的努力。

Structuralism, as a branch of modern western methodology and philosophy, has profoundly influ- enced educational research, its method and the way of thinking. Instructional interaction research is the key to dis- tance education theory building. Both the core ideas and methodological nature of Structuralism provide a unique perspective and systematical methodology for the research of instructional interaction in distance education. Accord- ing to structuralism, the structure of instructional interaction is the relations, rules and principles of interaction a- mong different education elements and their relatively stable structural form under the guidance of certain education- al and learning thought and theory. The structure can be divided into the surface level and the deep level, and the deep level is determinative. Structure analysis claims to explore, from the four interrelated dimensions of human ability, thinking structure, social structure and the emotional structure, the deep level structure of interactive instruction, taking into consideration the synchronic and diachronic clues. Thus, we can not only have a deep understanding of existing research but also enhance the guidance of the instructional interaction theory to practice. But great effort still needs to be taken towards grasping the deep structure of instructional interaction.