高龄患者临床用药情况调查分析

An investigation on the clinical drug consumption in geriatric patients

目的了解高龄（≥80岁）住院患者疾病及用药情况。方法对沈阳军区总医院老年病房2011年6月~2012年6月238例高龄住院患者的疾病诊断、用药情况进行统计分析。结果高龄患者疾病主要累及心血管系统（50.9%）、神经系统（12.9%）和呼吸系统（9.9%）,合并2~5种疾病41例（17.2%）,合并6~9种疾病54例（22.8%）,合并≥10种疾病143例（60.0%）。患者共使用药物550种,常用药物类别依次为循环系统药物（20.0%）、抗感染药物（13.3%）和消化系统药物（11.3%）;联合用药品种〈10种者占7.2%、10~14种占29.1%、15~19种占35.4%、20~24种占21.9%,≥25种占6.4%。口服给药占54.0%,注射给药占33.3%。结论高龄患者生理功能减退且合并疾病多,临床应慎重选择药物、重视药物相互作用和不良反应。

Objective To investigate the disease constructions and drug consuming conditions in geriatric patients. Methods The survey was conducted among 238 elderly patients （over 80 years old） who were hospitalized between June 2011 and July 2012. Data were collected and statistically analyzed concerning the disease diagnoses and drug consuming conditions. Results The disease diagnoses of geriatric patients mainly involved cardiovascular system （50.9%）,nervous system（12.9%） and respiratory system（9.9%）. Forty one patients had 2-5 types of disease diagnoses （17.2%）,54 patients had 6-9 types of disease diagnoses （22.8%）, 143 patients had more than 10 types of disease diagnoses （60.0%）. The drugs used in geriatric patients were 550 kinds totally,which were mainly included circulatory system drugs （20.0%）,anti-infective drugs （13.3%） and digestive system drugs （11.3%）. Drugs were mainly administered orally （54.0%） or by injection （33.3%）. Among all the cases,7.2% of patients had combination of less than 10 kinds of drugs, 10-14 kinds of drugs（29.1%）,15-19 kinds of drugs（35.4%）,20-24 kinds of drugs（21.9%）and more than 25 kinds of drugs （6.4%）.Conclusions The physiological functions of geriatric patients decreased and the patients had many disease,more attention should be paid to drug selections,drug interactions and adverse reactions.