呋喃唑酮代谢物在杂交鳢(斑鳢♀×乌鳢♂)体内的残留消除规律

Residues and depuration rules of furazolidone metabolites in hybrid snakehead ( Channa maculata ♀ ×Channa argus ♂)

近几年中国农业部监督抽查的结果显示，硝基呋喃类残留仍是养殖水产品中检出率较高的隐患之一。由于缺乏硝基呋喃在养殖动物体内蓄积和残留消除规律等基础数据，不能明确药物残留的具体来源和时间，使管理者在决策中缺乏依据，难以明确监管和执法的重点。在模拟自然养殖条件下，研究了呋喃唑酮代谢物3-氨基-2-恶唑烷酮（AOZ）在杂交鳢（斑鳢Channa maculata♀×乌鳢Channaargus♂）体内的残留及消除规律。在35±2．5℃水温条件下，对杂交鳢苗种按2％体重的量投喂含3％0呋喃唑酮的药饵，每天投喂3次，连续投喂5d。从投喂开始于0．5、1、2、4、8、12、24、48、96、192、288、384、480、720、960、1200、1440、1920、2400、2880、3600h取样，采用液质联用（HPLC-MS）方法测定肌肉中AOZ的含量。结果表明，从给药开始0．5-24h，肌肉中AOZ含量从800．18±8．45μg/kg逐渐升高至5686．65±11．16IXg／kg；在48～96h，肌肉中的AOZ残留量变化不大，维持在5420．65±10．81至5390．08±7．24μg/kg之间；停止给药后2880h（120d）低于检测限0．5μg/kg。结果表明，由于呋喃唑酮在杂交鳢体内的代谢时间较长，建议政府及相关部门加大对该种禁用药物的监督抽查力度。

The supervision results by Minisitry of Agriculture in recent years showed that nitrofuran residue was one of the hidden dangers with highest rate of detection. Due to the absence of basic data on accumulation and dlimination laws of nitrofuran residues in farmed animals, it is difficult to specify the source and time of drug residues, and there- fore it is hard for maragers in decision - making with a lack of clear regulatory and enforcement priorities. In this pa- per, the residues and depuration of AOZ in hybrid snakeheads（ Channa maculata ♀× Channa argus ♂）were stud- ied. At temperatures of 30.5±0.5℃, hybrid snakeheads were fed with 3 %c furazolidone bait, 2% of body weight ration for 5 days, 3 times a day. Samples were obtained at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 48, 96, 192,288,384,480, 720, 960, 1200, 1440, 1920, 2400,2880 and 3600 h respectively. The AOZ residues in muscle were measured by high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry （ HPLC - MS）. The results showed that the AOZ residues from 0.5 h to 24 h in hybrid snakehead muscle increased gradually from 800.18 ± 8.45μg/kg to 5 686.65 ± 11.16p, g/kg , whereas at 48h to 96h, the residues had little change, and maintained between 5 420.65 ± 10.81 and 5390.08 ± 7.24 μg/kg. However, the residues were below the detection limit of 0.5 μg/kg at 2880h after administra- tion. The results showed that the furazolidone metabolite of muscle in the present experimental conditions was depura- ted after a long time, which indicated that related authorities should increase supervision efforts on the drug.