对欧盟关于水产品中重金属限量规定的跟踪研究

The tracking of heavy metals pollutants limits in aquatic products regulations in the European Union

欧盟是世界上对食品安全要求较高,也是相关技术法规体系较完备和严格的地区,对水产品中重金属限量的规定非常严格且细致。本研究主要对欧盟近十几年来关于水产品中重金属的限量规定进行跟踪、比对、分析。自2001年3月至2013年2月,针对水产品中重金属的限量规定及修订,欧盟先后发布了6项法规,更新指标多达42项,其中放宽29项,加严13项。通过研究发现,欧盟对水产品中重金属的限量法规不仅更新速度快,而且针对性强,既规定了鱼类、甲壳类、无内脏头足类、双壳软体类、藻类等各类水产品的重金属限量,还规定了不同品种鱼的重金属限量。法规更新过程中根据最新的研究数据,并考虑物种特点,合理制定限量,这为中国制定标准提供了很好借鉴。

The European Union has a higher requirement for food safety and relevant technical regulations system,and the regulations about heavy metal pollutants in aquatic products are very detailed and strict.This paper mainly tracks and analyzes the regulations about heavy metal pollutants in aquatic products of European Union.From March,2001 to February,2013,European Union has issued six regulations with regards to the limit of heavy metal pollutants in aquatic products and its related regulation revision.Up to 49 new indexes have been modified,in which 10 indexes were stricter and the rest more loose.It was found that the European Union not only updates the regulations on heavy metal pollutants in a timely manner,but also specifies the regulations.The content of heavy metal pollutants in aquatic products such as fish,crustacean,cephalopod with no viscera,bivalve molluscs and seaweed was specified and its limit on different SPP.of fish was also sort out.The European Union draws up limits legitimately based on the latest research data and the characteristics of SPP.,which could bring good experience for us to formulate simliar standards.