基于深孔预裂的球状药包爆破一次成井技术

Technology of One-step Shaft Driving by Deep-hole Presplit Blasting with Spherical Charge

为保证一次爆破形成垂深30 m的大断面天井,本文提出了基于深孔预裂的球状药包爆破一次成井技术。首先通过对预裂爆破作用机理分析,选取了炮孔不耦合系数为3.1、线装药密度为1.61 kg/m、预裂孔间距为1.3 m等预裂爆破主要参数;同时根据爆破漏斗试验和球状药包爆破特点选取了圆形布孔、球状药包爆破孔间距为2 m、分层高度为3 m、同层同段起爆、分层微差200 ms等球状药包爆破主要参数。最后根据所选参数在三道庄露天矿进行现场实验,实验达到了预期的爆破效果,证明该技术在深孔一次爆破成井可行,对类似工程具有一定参考价值。

In order to form a vertical depth of 30m large section patio, the technology of one-step shaft driving by deep-hole presplit blasting with spherical charge was put forward. Firstly, according to the mechanism of presplit blasting, the main parameters of presplit blasting was selected, such as the uncoupling factor is 3.1 and the line charge density is 1.61 kg/m and the hole space is 1.3 m. Meanwhile, based on the experiments of blasting craters and the features of spherical charge blasting, the main parameters of spherical charge blasting are confirmed such as the round hole pattern, hole spacing 2m, stratification height 3m, no delay time in the same stratification and 200ms in different stratifications. Finally, the field experiment is done with the selected parameters in Sandaozhuang open- pit mine and the results meet the desired blasting effect, which prove the feasibility of this technology in deep hole blasting and the technology is applicable to other similar projects.