通过真空镀膜再认识理想气体与稀薄气体

Further Understanding of the Ideal Gas and Rarefied Gas by Vacuum Coating

讨论了热力学的基础——理想气体以及同理想气体密切相关的真空与真空薄膜技术;客观地给出并评价了各类气体之间的关系;指出虽然可以继续延用"理想气体"这个名称,但是准确把握理想气体与高压气体、常压真实气体、低压气体之间的关系,对于掌握热力学和统计物理学知识,建立正确的物理思维方法是非常重要的.

As we know, the ideal gas are mentioned and discussed firstly in many basic principles of thermodynamics and statistical physics. Generally it is described that there is no ideal gas for real world in the text of the student book. Evidently it is easy to give wrong understanding to students for the concept and principle of physics. Hence, the important concept of thermodynamicsideal gas, thin films, vacuum and vacuum coating and their relations are summarized and discussed in here. Though the name of ＂ideal gas＂ is still used in teaching and text, it is very important to indicate a near equation between low pressure gas and ideal gas for students to understand physics and form a good habit for physical thinking.