宜昌烤烟主要化学成分的变化趋势与评价

Change Tendency and Evaluation of Main Chemical Composition on Flue-cured Tobacco in Yichang

为了对宜昌烟叶生产及调控提供参考，对2007—2011年宜昌主产区兴山和秭归烟区的烤烟主要化学成分变化进行了分析和评价。结果表明：宜昌烤烟化学成分整体水平有一定提升，且两个产区间差距缩小。烟碱含量适宜且较稳定，平均含量在2．7％左右；总氮含量、钾含量在年度间有一定提高，但总量仍偏低，总氮含量年度平均上涨0．7％，钾含量平均高于2．0％；总糖含量偏高，年度间有一定波动且呈上升趋势，总糖平均含量16．38％～42．54％；氯含量偏低，年度间呈一定波动且有下降趋势；总氮、氯含量偏低及糖含量偏高直接导致钾氯比偏高、糖碱比偏高及氮碱比偏低。结论：宜昌市低氯、高糖的整体烟叶化学质量趋势加剧，烟叶生产中要注重提高氯含量、降低糖含量的烟叶生产技术系统研究，加强烟叶控碱、增氮、降糖、增惫的哇产措箍．．

Main chemical composition of flue-cured tobacco in main producing areas Xingshan and Zigui in Yichang from 2007 to 2011 were analyzed and evaluated to provide references for its production, regulation and control. Results showed that all level of tobacco chemical composition had a certain upgrade, and gaps narrowed between the two main producing areas. Nicotine content was at appropriate range and more stable. Total nitrogen and potassium content improved annually, but total amount was still quite low. Total sugar content was higher, it fluctuated annually and showed ascendant trend. Chlorine content was low and had a certain decline annually. The lower of total N and C1 content, and higher sugar content directly led to higher K/C1 and sugar/nicotine, but lower N/nicotine. The paper proposed that the trend of lower C1 and higher sugar intensifies, the improvement of C1 content, reducing sugar content in production technology should be systematically studied, and the control of nicotine, increase of N, reduce of sugar, and increase of C1 should be considered and strengthened.