肯尼迪执政时期美国对加纳的拉拢

America’s Policy to Ghana in Kennedy Administration

肯尼迪执政时期美国重视开展对非洲的外交活动。20世纪50年代非洲崛起为世界舞台中一股新生的政治力量,作为二战后撒哈拉沙漠以南非洲最早独立的国家,加纳的影响更是非洲很多国家所无法比拟的。加之,其领导人恩克鲁玛主张泛非主义,俨然成为非洲解放事业的代言人。有缘于此,基于冷战考虑美苏两国都重视对加纳的拉拢;为防止加纳成为苏联的势力范围,美国试图通过派遣和平队、援建沃尔特大坝工程等措施拉拢加纳。由于恩克鲁玛根深蒂固的反美立场和苏联对加纳事务的介入等原因,美国的拉拢政策未起到预期的效果。

During Kennedy administration, the United States attaches great importance to carrying out diplomatic activities with Africa. The 1950s has seen the fact that Africa has become a new force in the world political arena. Being the fn＇st independent country in the south of the Sahara, Ghana has an unparalleled influence compared to many African countries. Moreover, Ghana stands out as a spokesman for the cause of African liberation because of its leader Nkrmnah＇s advocating Pan-Africanism. Therefore, the United States and the Soviet Union both value their diplomatic relations with Ghana. To prevent Ghana from falling into the sphere of influence of the Soviet Union, the United States takes the measures including sending of Peace Corps, aiding of Volta Dam project in an attempt to win over Ghana. That Ghana＇s leader Nkrumah has deep-rootad anti-American stance and the Soviet intervention in Ghana affairs resulted in that the United States failed in wining over Ghana.