元阳梯田养分平衡研究

The Nutrient Balance of Terraced Fields in Yuanyang

系统中氮磷元素能否维持平衡是系统能否可持续发展的一个重要内容。本研究以元阳梯田生产系统为例,运用田间试验与室内分析相结合的方法研究了一年期间氮、磷养分元素的平衡状况及其影响因素。结果表明:(1)外地水稻品种具有小幅增产效果,与当地产量最高的红脚老粳相比,产量分别提高了19.12%和25.26%;在相同施肥管理条件下,当地水稻品种中月亮谷对梯田养分消耗最小,其值分别为总氮(TN)-21.08 kg/hm2,总磷(TP)-1.82 kg/hm2;(2)在不同施肥条件下,当地水稻品种间产量并无差异性(P>005);(3)对于红脚老粳来说,施用有机肥的试验田块在大田期养分亏缺值最小,分别为TN-28.89 kg/hm2,TP-2.08 kg/hm2;而对于月亮谷来说,施用化肥的试验田块在大田期养分亏缺值最小,分别为TN-17.71 kg/hm2和TP-1.64 kg/hm2。

Balance of soil N and P is very important to agricultural sustainability. A case study, which using the method of field experiment and laboratory analysis, was carried out to monitor N and P elements of Yuanyang Hani terrace in Yunnan province, China during April 2010--October 2010, and its affecting factors studied at the same time. Results indicated that ： （ 1 ） foreign varieties had slightly increase effect, compared with the highest yield of Hongjiao japonica, increased by 19.12% and 25.26%, respectively; in the same fertilization and management conditions, the nutrient consumption was minimum among the local varieties, its value was total nitrogen （TN） -21.08 kg/hm2, total phosphorus （TP） - 1.82 kg/hm2 ; （2） under different fertilization conditions, the yield had no differ- ence in the local varieties （P 〉 0.05 ） ; （3） for the Hongjiao japonica, the nutrient deficiency which was application of organic fertilizer was minimum, respectively TN - 28. 28 kg/hm2, TP - 2. 08 kg/ hm2; and for the Yuelianggu, was the field which was application of chemical fertilizer, TN - 17. 71 kg/hm2 and TP - 1.64 kg/hm2, respectively.