西双版纳自然保护区开展计划烧除利弊分析

Prescribed Burning inXishuangbanna Nature Reserve

西双版纳自然保护区是一个大型的综合性保护区,从20世纪90年代开始,保护区开展了计划烧除工作。开展计划烧除能有效改善野生动物栖息地质量,增加动物食源,缓解日益突出的人与野生动物的矛盾冲突,增加群落生物多样性,有效防止发生重特大森林火灾。计划烧除对中、大型野生动物不会造成较大的影响,但对土壤内的节肢动物影响较大,林下基径3 cm以下的幼树大部分被烧死,频度较高的计划烧除对群落更新有一定的影响,产生的烟雾及灰尘对附近的空气也造成一定的环境污染。

Xishuangbanna Nature Reserve is a large comprehensive protected area, prescribed burning project have been carried out since 1990s. This project carried out not only has effectively improved wild- life habitat quality, increased the amount of food for animals, relieved prominent conflicts between man and wildlife, but also increased biodiversity community, and effectively prevented the occurrence of major forest fires. The impact of prescribed burning on medium and large wild animals was not significant, but the impact on soil arthropods was significant, and less than 3 cm understory saplings of larger base diame- ter most were burned, the higher frequency prescribed burning had a certain effect on community regener- ation, meanwhile, the smoke and dust also polluted the air quality of nearby environment.