秩序与自由——浅议译者的伦理

Order vs Fredom:on the Ethics of Translators

翻译是一项历史悠久的交流方式,是涉及到多方人际和文化关系的伦理活动。传统翻译观认为译文要忠实于原文,将译者置于"奴仆"的地位。在后现代的语境下,产生了一些意欲解"奴仆"之"镣铐"的翻译研究理论。以巴斯奈特和勒菲弗尔为代表的操纵学派将文化视为翻译的要素,强调文化对翻译的限制。各种理论虽各有不同侧重,然而翻译所涉及到的人际和文化关系不变。译者作为各种关系的核心,其所承载的伦理关系具有多边性、层次性。

Translation is a kind of communication with a long history and it is an ethical activity involving interpersonal and cultural relationships. Traditional views on translation put ＂faithful- ness＂ in an important position and translators in thelackeys＇ status. Some of the new translation theories aimed at breaking down translators＇ shackles have appeared under the background of postmodernism. The manipulation school whose representatives are Bassnett and Lefevere treats culture as the main element of translation, and puts emphasis on restrictions of translation brought by culture. Although different translation strategies have different emphases on transla- tion, the interpersonal and cultural relationships concerning on translation are relatively stable. As the core of relationships in translation, translators bear the ethical relationship which is multi- lateral and hierarchical.